Las pesquerías a pequeña escala (SSF, por sus siglas en inglés) desempeñan un papel esencial en las comunidades costeras europeas, pero su impacto ecológico y socioeconómico sigue siendo poco conocido.
El reto consistía en mejorar la gestión y la sostenibilidad de la pesca artesanal mediante una mejor comprensión de su actividad, su relación con los ecosistemas marinos y su convivencia con otras actividades costeras, incluyendo las áreas marinas protegidas.
Además, era necesario fortalecer la cooperación transnacional y avanzar hacia un enfoque de gestión compartida, en línea con los objetivos de la Política Pesquera Común (PPC) y la Directiva de Planificación Espacial Marina (PMS).
Gracias a la colaboración en el proyecto europeo CABFishMAN, AZTI y otros socios internacionales trabajaron para desarrollar herramientas de análisis y gestión ambiental, herramientas para el análisis social (herencia cultural) y otras herramientas para el análisis económico de la actividad aplicadas a la pesca artesanal.
Entre los principales logros destaca el desarrollo de cinco resultados clave:
Small-scale fisheries (SSF) play an essential role in European coastal communities, yet their ecological and socio-economic impacts are still poorly understood.
The challenge was to improve the management and sustainability of small-scale fisheries through a better understanding of their activities, their relationship with marine ecosystems, and their coexistence with other coastal uses, including marine protected areas.
In addition, it was necessary to strengthen transnational cooperation and move towards a shared management approach, in line with the objectives of the Common Fisheries Policy (CFP) and the Marine Spatial Planning Directive (MSPD).
Through collaboration within the European CABFishMAN project, AZTI and other international partners worked to develop environmental analysis and management tools, social analysis tools (cultural heritage), and economic analysis tools applied to small-scale fisheries.
Key achievements included the development of five main outputs:
Collection of data and elements related to cultural heritage (traditional fishing gears, associated rituals and festive events, and the existence value of the activity), together with a method to assess this cultural heritage in economic terms.
A method to create maps of activity and fishing effort exerted by SSF.
A toolbox to identify and measure the environmental impacts of fishing gears, as well as their effects on marine habitats.
A set of decision-support tools and cognitive models (Fuzzy Cognitive Models) to simulate the effects of potential management interventions (such as progress towards climate neutrality, promotion of employment in the sector, or sustainable economic growth).
A comprehensive, open-access online tool (Geotool) containing data derived from all previous tools, enabling use by any stakeholder interested in the knowledge and management of SSF.
Advances in scientific knowledge on the ecological and socio-economic role of small-scale fisheries.
Assessment of cultural heritage (qualitative and monetary) through the evaluation of so-called Cultural Ecosystem Services.
A tool to analyse the impacts of fishing gears on the marine environment (impact matrix).
An Atlantic-wide (EU) Geotool enabling the geolocation of multidisciplinary knowledge (biological, environmental, socio-economic, cultural, and environmental impact data).
Direct contribution to the objectives of the CFP, MSPD, and the Marine Strategy Framework Directive.
Strengthened European cooperation and joint capacity to design sustainable policies in the Atlantic region.
Practical tools to support informed decision-making.
Sectors: Fisheries and aquaculture sector
Research lines: Blue Economy, Efficient, sustainable fisheries and aquaculture
Research sublines: Sustainable fishery management