{"id":334,"date":"2022-02-16T12:04:53","date_gmt":"2022-02-16T12:04:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.azti.es\/gifaman\/?page_id=334"},"modified":"2022-02-23T09:03:27","modified_gmt":"2022-02-23T09:03:27","slug":"case-studies-genomics-fiheries","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.azti.es\/gifaman\/case-studies-genomics-fiheries\/","title":{"rendered":"Case Studies"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"334\" class=\"elementor elementor-334\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-1d5506d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"1d5506d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;gradient&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-78c3936\" data-id=\"78c3936\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-6cf3c01 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6cf3c01\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-ca7981b\" data-id=\"ca7981b\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3047ab2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3047ab2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Case studies<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-0f5160c\" data-id=\"0f5160c\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f3a03be elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f3a03be\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-9e86083\" data-id=\"9e86083\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-92227bf elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"92227bf\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-25 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-ba3fdd6\" data-id=\"ba3fdd6\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-eee6738 elementor-view-stacked elementor-position-inline-start elementor-shape-circle elementor-mobile-position-block-start elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-box\" data-id=\"eee6738\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-wrapper\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.azti.es\/gifaman\/case-studies\/#anglerfish\" class=\"elementor-icon\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-label=\"White &amp; black Anglerfish\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" id=\"Capa_1\" data-name=\"Capa 1\" viewBox=\"0 0 960.38 960.4\"><path d=\"M349.12,692.25c-187.46-.19-338.24-152.18-338-340.76C11.26,164.76,164,14.21,352.92,14.55c185,.33,336,153.08,335.76,339.61C688.47,541.26,536.62,692.45,349.12,692.25ZM585,353.89c.35-128.74-105-234.77-234.14-235.64C222,117.37,115.05,223.77,114.77,353,114.49,481.7,220.21,588,349,588.53,478.62,589.08,584.65,483.65,585,353.89Z\" transform=\"translate(-11.07 -14.55)\"><\/path><path d=\"M575.49,673.76c17.42-15.38,35-29.42,50.81-45.28S656,595,671.2,577.55q39.25,34.77,78.78,69.82c63.59,56.54,126.08,114.39,191.09,169.25,45,38,36.5,100.55-2.7,134.3-34.17,29.42-82.63,32.51-111.94,5.4-15.9-14.69-29.5-31.89-43.9-48.17Q680.4,792.82,578.4,677.35C577.42,676.24,576.53,675.05,575.49,673.76ZM877.08,847.37c-19.44-.15-34.51,14.3-34.92,33.48a33.83,33.83,0,0,0,33.89,34.51,34.55,34.55,0,0,0,35-33.61C911.48,862.82,896.36,847.52,877.08,847.37Z\" transform=\"translate(-11.07 -14.55)\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-content\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-icon-box-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.azti.es\/gifaman\/case-studies\/#anglerfish\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tWhite &amp; black Anglerfish\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/h4>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-25 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-36e2cec\" data-id=\"36e2cec\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fbe2524 elementor-view-stacked elementor-position-inline-start elementor-shape-circle elementor-mobile-position-block-start elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-box\" data-id=\"fbe2524\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-wrapper\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.azti.es\/gifaman\/case-studies\/#hake\" class=\"elementor-icon\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-label=\"European hake\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" id=\"Capa_1\" data-name=\"Capa 1\" viewBox=\"0 0 960.38 960.4\"><path d=\"M349.12,692.25c-187.46-.19-338.24-152.18-338-340.76C11.26,164.76,164,14.21,352.92,14.55c185,.33,336,153.08,335.76,339.61C688.47,541.26,536.62,692.45,349.12,692.25ZM585,353.89c.35-128.74-105-234.77-234.14-235.64C222,117.37,115.05,223.77,114.77,353,114.49,481.7,220.21,588,349,588.53,478.62,589.08,584.65,483.65,585,353.89Z\" transform=\"translate(-11.07 -14.55)\"><\/path><path d=\"M575.49,673.76c17.42-15.38,35-29.42,50.81-45.28S656,595,671.2,577.55q39.25,34.77,78.78,69.82c63.59,56.54,126.08,114.39,191.09,169.25,45,38,36.5,100.55-2.7,134.3-34.17,29.42-82.63,32.51-111.94,5.4-15.9-14.69-29.5-31.89-43.9-48.17Q680.4,792.82,578.4,677.35C577.42,676.24,576.53,675.05,575.49,673.76ZM877.08,847.37c-19.44-.15-34.51,14.3-34.92,33.48a33.83,33.83,0,0,0,33.89,34.51,34.55,34.55,0,0,0,35-33.61C911.48,862.82,896.36,847.52,877.08,847.37Z\" transform=\"translate(-11.07 -14.55)\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-content\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-icon-box-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.azti.es\/gifaman\/case-studies\/#hake\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tEuropean hake\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/h4>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-25 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-e908f64\" data-id=\"e908f64\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-75662cc elementor-view-stacked elementor-position-inline-start elementor-shape-circle elementor-mobile-position-block-start elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-box\" data-id=\"75662cc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-wrapper\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.azti.es\/gifaman\/case-studies\/#pilchard\" class=\"elementor-icon\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-label=\"European pilchard\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" id=\"Capa_1\" data-name=\"Capa 1\" viewBox=\"0 0 960.38 960.4\"><path d=\"M349.12,692.25c-187.46-.19-338.24-152.18-338-340.76C11.26,164.76,164,14.21,352.92,14.55c185,.33,336,153.08,335.76,339.61C688.47,541.26,536.62,692.45,349.12,692.25ZM585,353.89c.35-128.74-105-234.77-234.14-235.64C222,117.37,115.05,223.77,114.77,353,114.49,481.7,220.21,588,349,588.53,478.62,589.08,584.65,483.65,585,353.89Z\" transform=\"translate(-11.07 -14.55)\"><\/path><path d=\"M575.49,673.76c17.42-15.38,35-29.42,50.81-45.28S656,595,671.2,577.55q39.25,34.77,78.78,69.82c63.59,56.54,126.08,114.39,191.09,169.25,45,38,36.5,100.55-2.7,134.3-34.17,29.42-82.63,32.51-111.94,5.4-15.9-14.69-29.5-31.89-43.9-48.17Q680.4,792.82,578.4,677.35C577.42,676.24,576.53,675.05,575.49,673.76ZM877.08,847.37c-19.44-.15-34.51,14.3-34.92,33.48a33.83,33.83,0,0,0,33.89,34.51,34.55,34.55,0,0,0,35-33.61C911.48,862.82,896.36,847.52,877.08,847.37Z\" transform=\"translate(-11.07 -14.55)\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-content\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-icon-box-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.azti.es\/gifaman\/case-studies\/#pilchard\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tEuropean pilchard\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/h4>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-25 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-5835f78\" data-id=\"5835f78\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f44c6fb elementor-view-stacked elementor-position-inline-start elementor-shape-circle elementor-mobile-position-block-start elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-box\" data-id=\"f44c6fb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-wrapper\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.azti.es\/gifaman\/case-studies\/#mackerel\" class=\"elementor-icon\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-label=\"Atlantic Mackerel\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" id=\"Capa_1\" data-name=\"Capa 1\" viewBox=\"0 0 960.38 960.4\"><path d=\"M349.12,692.25c-187.46-.19-338.24-152.18-338-340.76C11.26,164.76,164,14.21,352.92,14.55c185,.33,336,153.08,335.76,339.61C688.47,541.26,536.62,692.45,349.12,692.25ZM585,353.89c.35-128.74-105-234.77-234.14-235.64C222,117.37,115.05,223.77,114.77,353,114.49,481.7,220.21,588,349,588.53,478.62,589.08,584.65,483.65,585,353.89Z\" transform=\"translate(-11.07 -14.55)\"><\/path><path d=\"M575.49,673.76c17.42-15.38,35-29.42,50.81-45.28S656,595,671.2,577.55q39.25,34.77,78.78,69.82c63.59,56.54,126.08,114.39,191.09,169.25,45,38,36.5,100.55-2.7,134.3-34.17,29.42-82.63,32.51-111.94,5.4-15.9-14.69-29.5-31.89-43.9-48.17Q680.4,792.82,578.4,677.35C577.42,676.24,576.53,675.05,575.49,673.76ZM877.08,847.37c-19.44-.15-34.51,14.3-34.92,33.48a33.83,33.83,0,0,0,33.89,34.51,34.55,34.55,0,0,0,35-33.61C911.48,862.82,896.36,847.52,877.08,847.37Z\" transform=\"translate(-11.07 -14.55)\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-content\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-icon-box-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.azti.es\/gifaman\/case-studies\/#mackerel\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tAtlantic Mackerel\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/h4>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5a99f20 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5a99f20\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-d9eb007\" data-id=\"d9eb007\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2062c1c elementor-widget elementor-widget-menu-anchor\" data-id=\"2062c1c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"menu-anchor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-menu-anchor\" id=\"anglerfish\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-eb42981 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"eb42981\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-5ef977e\" data-id=\"5ef977e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d89d954 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d89d954\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">White and black anglerfish\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-269d19f elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"269d19f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-811a9b4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"811a9b4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>T<strong>he white anglerfish (<i>Lophius <\/i><i>piscatorius<\/i>) and black anglerfish (<i>L. <\/i><i>budegassa<\/i>) are amongst the most valuable commercial fishes in Europe with a total landing volume of around 30K tons corresponding to a value of around 142 million euro.<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-498db5f\" data-id=\"498db5f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-405dc75 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"405dc75\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"421\" src=\"https:\/\/www.azti.es\/gifaman\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/anglerfish_case-study-768x421.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-336\" alt=\"anglerfish_case-study\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.azti.es\/gifaman\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/anglerfish_case-study-768x421.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.azti.es\/gifaman\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/anglerfish_case-study-300x164.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.azti.es\/gifaman\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/anglerfish_case-study.jpg 778w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-7d64848 elementor-section-content-middle elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7d64848\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-0570345\" data-id=\"0570345\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a5a330b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a5a330b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Both species are assessed as three stocks in the Northeast Atlantic (the Northern Shelf, the Northern and the Southern stocks), whereas in the Mediterranean stocks have not yet been defined. Both species are relevant target of multispecies trawl fishery of multiple EU countries, but there are important uncertainties about species composition (in some areas white and black anglerfish are not distinguished for evaluation), stock structure and, most of all, their status in terms of population size, exploitation rate. Therefore, this implies an important difficulty for giving a good advice of how to best manage this resource.<\/p><p>Recent research by members of the research group have shown that the white anglerfish is composed by a single genetically homogeneous population within the Northeast Atlantic (Aguirre-Sarabia <i>et al<\/i>. submitted), <b>calling for stock merging<\/b>, but so far, no studies on the <b>population connectivity of the black anglerfish<\/b> have been performed. Importantly, recent research has shown hybridization between the two species, reaching up to 20% of hybrids in the white anglerfish population (Aguirre-Sarabia <i>et al.<\/i> submitted), pointing that further studies are required to <b>evaluate the effect of hybrids<\/b> in the <b>current and future assessment<\/b> of white and black anglerfish.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-a76ccb5 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a76ccb5\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-3c6c758\" data-id=\"3c6c758\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9c54a63 elementor-icon-list--layout-traditional elementor-list-item-link-full_width elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-list\" data-id=\"9c54a63\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-list.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"elementor-icon-list-items\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.azti.es\/gifaman\/objectives\/\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-check-circle\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">White anglerfish objetives: 2.2, 3.1, 3.2, <\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.azti.es\/gifaman\/objectives\/\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-check-circle\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Black anglerfish objectives: 1.1, 2.2, 3.1, 3.2<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-531b3d9\" data-id=\"531b3d9\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-2f4c874 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"2f4c874\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0e029fa\" data-id=\"0e029fa\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-608c031 elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"608c031\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\" style=\"--divider-pattern-url: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=&#039;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg&#039; preserveAspectRatio=&#039;none&#039; overflow=&#039;visible&#039; height=&#039;100%&#039; viewBox=&#039;0 0 20 16&#039; fill=&#039;none&#039; stroke=&#039;black&#039; stroke-width=&#039;1.5&#039; stroke-linecap=&#039;square&#039; stroke-miterlimit=&#039;10&#039;%3E%3Cg transform=&#039;translate(-12.000000, 0)&#039;%3E%3Cpath d=&#039;M28,0L10,18&#039;\/%3E%3Cpath d=&#039;M18,0L0,18&#039;\/%3E%3Cpath d=&#039;M48,0L30,18&#039;\/%3E%3Cpath d=&#039;M38,0L20,18&#039;\/%3E%3C\/g%3E%3C\/svg%3E&quot;);\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ee992c6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-menu-anchor\" data-id=\"ee992c6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"menu-anchor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-menu-anchor\" id=\"hake\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-441922c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"441922c\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-50c1d83\" data-id=\"50c1d83\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5f37009 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5f37009\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">European Hake\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-54631cb elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"54631cb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-076cae1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"076cae1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>The European hake (<i>Merluccius <\/i><i>merluccius<\/i>) has traditionally been considered as one of the most important species in the Northeast Atlantic and the Mediterranean.\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-309db0c\" data-id=\"309db0c\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e49fa5a elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"e49fa5a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"287\" src=\"https:\/\/www.azti.es\/gifaman\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/european_hake_case_study-768x287.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-345\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.azti.es\/gifaman\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/european_hake_case_study-768x287.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.azti.es\/gifaman\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/european_hake_case_study-300x112.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.azti.es\/gifaman\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/european_hake_case_study.jpg 778w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-af1796f elementor-section-content-middle elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"af1796f\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-0d00028\" data-id=\"0d00028\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8ed3645 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8ed3645\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>In the Northeast Atlantic, hake is widely distributed from Mauritanian to Norway, but only two management units are considered (the northern and southern stocks). Despite extensive knowledge of the biology of the species and strict managing frame, hake in the Mediterranean is considered overexploited and the status of the Southern stock is suspected to be at high risk of overexploitation (FAO 2018; ICES 2020). In contrast, through the implementation of a recovery plan (EC No811\/2004), the Northern stock has recovered in the last ten years, after more than two decades of overexploitation, although recruitment remains highly variable.<\/p><p>The wrong stock delimitation (the two Northeast Atlantic stocks are separated by the Capbreton Canyon without any clear biological evidence) could explain the poor performance of the stock assessment models fitted to the Southern stock data and to the assessment not being done on the right biological unit. Indeed, previous research by the research team (Leone<i> et al.<\/i> 2019) has shown that there is a mismatch between the biological and management units in hake, pointing to the need of <b>additional analyses to redefine the stock structure in the North East Atlantic<\/b>.<\/p><p>Additionally, in the northern stock, the main spawning season ranges from February to April, whereas in the southern stock, spawning occurs all year-round with the presence of several other peaks in summer and autumn (Korta<i> et al.<\/i> 2015), not being clear <b>whether these represent two genetically isolated spawning components<\/b>. Moreover, during the last decade a northward expansion of European hake has been observed (Baudron<i> et al.<\/i> 2020) which could be due to an increase in biomass in the Bay of Biscay and Celtic Sea, or to reasons <b>related with environmental variation<\/b> (e.g. climate change).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-12cf392 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"12cf392\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-1c90170\" data-id=\"1c90170\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-afdaf34 elementor-icon-list--layout-traditional elementor-list-item-link-full_width elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-list\" data-id=\"afdaf34\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-list.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"elementor-icon-list-items\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.azti.es\/gifaman\/objectives\/\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-check-circle\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Related objetives: 2.2, 3.1, 3.2, <\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-ea1f0eb\" data-id=\"ea1f0eb\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f154f99 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f154f99\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e4f2b54\" data-id=\"e4f2b54\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bdf67d5 elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"bdf67d5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\" style=\"--divider-pattern-url: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=&#039;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg&#039; preserveAspectRatio=&#039;none&#039; overflow=&#039;visible&#039; height=&#039;100%&#039; viewBox=&#039;0 0 20 16&#039; fill=&#039;none&#039; stroke=&#039;black&#039; stroke-width=&#039;1.5&#039; stroke-linecap=&#039;square&#039; stroke-miterlimit=&#039;10&#039;%3E%3Cg transform=&#039;translate(-12.000000, 0)&#039;%3E%3Cpath d=&#039;M28,0L10,18&#039;\/%3E%3Cpath d=&#039;M18,0L0,18&#039;\/%3E%3Cpath d=&#039;M48,0L30,18&#039;\/%3E%3Cpath d=&#039;M38,0L20,18&#039;\/%3E%3C\/g%3E%3C\/svg%3E&quot;);\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c7e4e6f elementor-widget elementor-widget-menu-anchor\" data-id=\"c7e4e6f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"menu-anchor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-menu-anchor\" id=\"pilchard\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-b448dfd elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"b448dfd\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-c50f639\" data-id=\"c50f639\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4a90e27 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4a90e27\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">European Pilchard\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-638bf5d elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"638bf5d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-13e9667 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"13e9667\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>The European pilchard or sardine (<i>Sardina<\/i><i> pilchardus<\/i>) is one of the most important pelagic fish resources in Atlantic waters of the Iberian Peninsula and represents an important source of income for local economies.<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-853bf7e\" data-id=\"853bf7e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f397e8c elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"f397e8c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"287\" src=\"https:\/\/www.azti.es\/gifaman\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/pilchard-case_study-768x287.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-346\" alt=\"pilchard-case_study\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.azti.es\/gifaman\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/pilchard-case_study-768x287.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.azti.es\/gifaman\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/pilchard-case_study-300x112.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.azti.es\/gifaman\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/pilchard-case_study.jpg 778w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-b114658 elementor-section-content-middle elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"b114658\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-ef5d195\" data-id=\"ef5d195\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0377f6b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0377f6b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Nowadays sardine in the Northeast Atlantic is separated in three stocks: the Iberian stock (South Bay of Biscay and South Galicia, Portuguese waters and Gulf of Cadiz), the Bay of Biscay stock (North and Central Bay of Biscay and Celtic Sea-English Channel stock).<\/p><p>Genetic studies suggest strong differentiation between Mediterranean and Atlantic populations and, within the latter, studies suggest several sardine sub-populations based on regional differences in body morphology, maturity, growth, spawning seasonality and demography (Silva<i> et al.<\/i> 2006) and on density-dependent source-sink movements between adjacent areas (Silva<i> et al.<\/i> 2019). Moreover, <b>the genetic basis of the spawning seasonality<\/b> (spring and autumn spawners) which follows the cycle of water temperature has <b>not been resolved.<\/b><\/p><p>Thus, genetic analyses are not conclusive, and <b>more research is needed to elucidate connectivity<\/b> in European pilchard<b> in the Northeast Atlantic<\/b>. On the other hand, long-term changes in sardine maturation (associated to reproductive potential and productivity) mediated by temperature oscillation have been described, whose understanding and potential association with genetic adaptation is essential to <b>disentangle the adaptation capacity of the species<\/b>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-f68c4a3 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f68c4a3\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-be67588\" data-id=\"be67588\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9371079 elementor-icon-list--layout-traditional elementor-list-item-link-full_width elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-list\" data-id=\"9371079\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-list.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"elementor-icon-list-items\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.azti.es\/gifaman\/objectives\/\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-check-circle\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Related objetives: 2.2, 3.1, 3.2, <\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-f9a311a\" data-id=\"f9a311a\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-1e2f3e8 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"1e2f3e8\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b995fd9\" data-id=\"b995fd9\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3a8f3f3 elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"3a8f3f3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\" style=\"--divider-pattern-url: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=&#039;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg&#039; preserveAspectRatio=&#039;none&#039; overflow=&#039;visible&#039; height=&#039;100%&#039; viewBox=&#039;0 0 20 16&#039; fill=&#039;none&#039; stroke=&#039;black&#039; stroke-width=&#039;1.5&#039; stroke-linecap=&#039;square&#039; stroke-miterlimit=&#039;10&#039;%3E%3Cg transform=&#039;translate(-12.000000, 0)&#039;%3E%3Cpath d=&#039;M28,0L10,18&#039;\/%3E%3Cpath d=&#039;M18,0L0,18&#039;\/%3E%3Cpath d=&#039;M48,0L30,18&#039;\/%3E%3Cpath d=&#039;M38,0L20,18&#039;\/%3E%3C\/g%3E%3C\/svg%3E&quot;);\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e419788 elementor-widget elementor-widget-menu-anchor\" data-id=\"e419788\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"menu-anchor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-menu-anchor\" id=\"mackerel\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-eb9742d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"eb9742d\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-f796444\" data-id=\"f796444\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-572d389 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"572d389\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Atlantic Mackerel\n\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-90b40e6 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"90b40e6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-14d1c1a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"14d1c1a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>The Atlantic mackerel (<i>Scomber<\/i> <i>scombrus<\/i>) is a commercially important migratory pelagic fish that forms large shoals that can reach millions of individuals.<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-6ca57fd\" data-id=\"6ca57fd\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2d119ea elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"2d119ea\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"287\" src=\"https:\/\/www.azti.es\/gifaman\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/case_study_Atlantic-Mackere-768x287.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-353\" alt=\"case_study_Atlantic-Mackere\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.azti.es\/gifaman\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/case_study_Atlantic-Mackere-768x287.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.azti.es\/gifaman\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/case_study_Atlantic-Mackere-300x112.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.azti.es\/gifaman\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/case_study_Atlantic-Mackere.jpg 778w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-5de5763 elementor-section-content-middle elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5de5763\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-34f32a8\" data-id=\"34f32a8\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fc900d2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"fc900d2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>This species has traditionally been grouped in five spawning components (two in the Northwest and three in the Northeast Atlantic) that migrate north during the feeding season. Within the Northeast Atlantic, mackerel is assessed as a single stock since 1996, although total allowable catches (TAC) levels in the EU are still set at component level (southern, western and North Sea).<\/p><p>Studies on the western component, report extensively mixing with a potential homing tendency (Jansen<i> et al.<\/i> 2013; Jansen &amp; Gislason 2013), and work by the research team (Rodr\u00edguez-Ezpeleta<i> et al.<\/i> 2016) has shown genetic differentiation between Northwest Atlantic, Northeast Atlantic and Mediterranean samples. However, <b>so far, no conclusive study on the population connectivity of Northeast Atlantic mackerel exists<\/b>. Yet, Inferring the degree of mixing between spawning components of Atlantic mackerel is crucial to establish effective management actions in the current situation of no agreement on a management strategy covering all parties fishing the species exists.<\/p><p>On the other hand, in the mid-2000s, the species started expanding into new areas in Greenland, Iceland and the Nordic Seas during the summer (Olafsdottir<i> et al.<\/i> 2019) reaching up to a three-fold increase in 2014 and implying a shift of 400 km northward and 1650\u00a0km westward of the centre of gravity. However, in 2020, a large decline in Icelandic waters, no presence in Greenland waters, and increased biomasses in the central and northern part of the Norwegian Sea have been reported (N\u00f8ttestad<i> et al.<\/i> 2020).<\/p><p>Although, spatial distribution of mackerel seems to be related to environmental conditions (Olafsdottir<i> et al.<\/i> 2019), <b>the origin of the Greenland and Icelandic mackerel is not clear<\/b>, and neither is <b>whether this species is genetically adapting to changing environmental conditions. <\/b><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-c9a2360 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c9a2360\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-b3ead70\" data-id=\"b3ead70\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4d17c46 elementor-icon-list--layout-traditional elementor-list-item-link-full_width elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-list\" data-id=\"4d17c46\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-list.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"elementor-icon-list-items\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.azti.es\/gifaman\/objectives\/\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-check-circle\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Related objetives: 2.2, 3.1, 3.2, <\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-13c2f9d\" data-id=\"13c2f9d\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Case studies White &amp; black Anglerfish European hake European pilchard Atlantic Mackerel White and black anglerfish The white anglerfish (Lophius piscatorius) and black anglerfish (L. budegassa) are amongst the most valuable commercial fishes in Europe with a total landing volume of around 30K tons corresponding to a value of around 142 million euro. Both species&hellip;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.azti.es\/gifaman\/case-studies-genomics-fiheries\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">Read More &raquo;<span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Case Studies<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"page-templates\/template-pagebuilder-full-width.php","meta":{"neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":0,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"on","neve_meta_reading_time":"","_ti_tpc_template_sync":false,"_ti_tpc_template_id":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-334","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Case Studies - 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